Solubility of a gas in a liquid
- Aerated drinks, Dissolved oxygen in water bodies that supports the aquatic life are natural instance of solubility of gas in a liquid. Hydrogen chloride gas (HCl) is also highly soluble in water.
- The phenomenon of increase in the concentration of solution due to dissolving of solid solute to the solvent is known as dissolution.
Dissolution of Salt in Water
- The phenomenon of collision of solute particles in a solution resulting in the separation of the solute particles from the solution is known as crystallization.
Crystal of copper Sulfate obtained by the crystallization of Copper Sulfate solution
- A phase when number of solute particles going into solution is equal to the solute particles separating out of the solution is known as equilibrium. The concentration of solute remains constant at this stage of dynamic equilibrium.
- Solubility of gas in liquid is highly affected by temperature and pressure.
- Increase in temperature reduces the solubility of gases in liquids because on dissolving gas molecules in liquid the process of dissolution is similar to condensation leading to the evolution of heat. Therefore, dissolution is an exothermic process, due to which the solubility decreases with increase of temperature.
- Increase in pressure by compressing the gas to a smaller volume increase the number of
gaseous particles per unit volume over the solution and also the rate at which the gaseous particles are striking the surface of solution to enter it leading to the increase in the solubility of gases.
