Ferromagnetism
- Ferromagnetic substances get strongly attracted towards magnetic field.
- They can be permanently magnetized.
- In solid state, the metal ions of ferromagnetic substances are grouped together into small regions and are known as domains that act as a tiny magnet.
- In an unmagnetised ferromagnetic substance the domains are randomly oriented that cancels out their magnetic moments.
- When placed in a magnetic field all the domains of the substance get oriented in the direction of the magnetic field producing a strong magnetic effect which persists even on removal of the magnetic field and the ferromagnetic substance becomes a permanent magnet.
- For example, iron, cobalt, nickel, gadolinium and CrO2 are ferromagnetic substances.
- Whereas in case of Antiferromagnetism domains are oppositely oriented thereby cancel out each other's magnetic moment. For example, MnO.
