BACTERIAL DISEASES

Typhoid

• Caused by Salmonella typhi.
• Affects small intestine and then migrates to other parts of the body through blood.
• Transmitted by contaminated food and water.
• Symptoms- Sustained high fever (39° to 40°C), weakness, stomach pain, constipation, headache and loss of appetite, intestinal perforation and death may occur in severe cases.
• Typhoid fever is confirmed by Widal test.

fig. Salmonella typhi  

Pneumonia

• Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and
• Affects alveoli of lungs.
• Transmitted by dropelts released by infected person, sharing glasses and utensils.
• Common symptoms are fever, chills, cough and headache and in severe cases lips and finger nails turn gray to bluish colour.

fig. Streptococcus pneumonia